SIOG 234 - Geodynamics - Sandwell [FA20]

A course on the dynamics and kinematics of the solid earth based on the text of Turcotte and Schubert and Advanced Geodynamics
Prerequisite: some familiarity with (or willingness to learn ) partial differential equations and Fourier transforms.

David Sandwell; 1102 IGPP; dsandwell@ucsd.edu; Ph. 534-7109 Cell. 858-663-9426

Lecture course, 4-units, letter grade or S/U grade, homework, presentations, quizes, final.

The grades are based on 10-20 points for every problem. Homework, quiz, and final problems are all 10-20 points each. The presentations are 50 points each.

MWF, 11:30 - 12:20

SYLLABUS

DATE	TOPIC	READING/HOMEWORK	SHORT PRESENTATION
	Review complex numbers and contour integration	Problems	Each student will do a 5-10 minute presentation in class. Please go to the Google Doc and select a date. Topics will be something from the previous lecture.
	Introduction and Plate Tectonics
02 OCT	Class Overview 1.1 Observations related to plate tectonics KML files	Read: T&S, Ch. 1.1 to 1.14 or Plate Tectonics, S,T&O, Ch. 2. HW1 Ex. 1.1 - 1.5	Homebrew Shearer UNIX, etc.
05 OCT	3.1 - 3.2 Plate Tectonic - Theory	Read: The Ocean basins: Their Structure and Evolution, Chapter 2 (in IGPP Reading Room) Reference: MORVEL Tectonic Model	Chih-Chieh Chien -Explain the GMT script that is used to make Figure 1.8. Make a histogram of crustal thickness and compare with Figure 1.2
07 OCT	3.3 - 3.7 Plate Motions on a Sphere 2.1- 2.4 Fourier Transforms	Functions of a Complex Variable (review); Matlab Tutorial HW2 Ex. 3.2 - 3.5 UNIX and Python courses at UCSD	Ke Xu - Write a program to do Exercise 3.1
08 OCT	Math Review: book, review, solutions
09 OCT	2.5 - 2.7 Fourier Transforms		Aaron Hagadorn - Use the vertical gravity gradient overlay in Google Earth to digitize the ridges and transform faults on the mid-Atlantic ridge between 15S and 30S.
12 OCT	4.1 - 4.6 Marine Magnetic Anomalies Plate Motions and Reconstructions	View Videos on Plate Tectonics Maria Seton Dick Hey John Tarduno HW3 Ex. 2.3 - 2.9 Matlab Hints	Shangqin Hao - Explain the function fftshift() in Matlab and show an example.
	Heat Flow
14 OCT	Heat Conduction, Heat Flow Measurements, and Global Heat Budget	Read: T&S, Ch. 4.1 to 4.19	Madeleine Kerr - Download the G-Plates software and show an example.
16 OCT	Continental and Oceanic Geotherms		Taryn Linzmeyer - Continental geotherm - Write a program to generate Figure 4.12 in Turcotte and Schubert. Add a second geotherm where the strength of the radiogenic heating is 2 X larger.
19 OCT	More heat from from T&S	Read: T&S, Ch. 4.19 to 4.26 HW4 Heat Flow Papers for HW4 Signup for problems A - I	Gabrielle Hobson - Write a program to generate Figure 4.41 in Turcotte and Schubert.
21 OCT	5.1 - 5.3 Cooling of the Oceanic Lithosphere	HW5 - Problems from T&S, Ch. 4 4-9, 4-10, 4-14, 4-23, 4-24, 4-37	Victoria Auerbach - Plot GPS velocity vectors and beach balls for the Pacific Northwest in GMT.
23 OCT	Absolute plate motions, hotspots, and intraplate deformation.	Gordon and Housman 2015 - Indian Plate Deformation Wang et al., 2019 - Hot Spot Reference Frame	Guest Lecture: Richard Gordon, Rice University
26 OCT	5.4 - 5.5 Thermal Subsidence	Parsons and Sclater, JGR, 1977 Stein and Stein, Nature, 1992	Wenpei Ma - Go over solutions to Fourier Transform Ex 2.9 in Matlab.
28 OCT	5.6 Buoyancy of the Lithosphere; Cooling of a Lava Lake (Stefan Problem)	Doin and Fleitout, EPSL, 1996 Hillier and Watts, JGR, 2005	Xinyu Luo - Use matlab to calculate depth versus age for the plate cooling model or ridge axis thermal structure.
30 OCT	Lithosphere Subduction on the Earth and Venus		HW4 - Marine Magnetic Anomalies Victoria Auerbach, Madeleine Kerr
	Isostasy, Rheology, and Flexure
02 NOV	6.1 - 6.5 Review Stress and Strain Solutions to Exercises 6.1 and 6.2	Read T&S, Ch3.1 to 3.9	HW4 - Heat flow across the San Andreas fault, Ellis Vavra, Amy Whetter
04 NOV	7.1 - 7.6 Isostasy and Swell Push Force	Flesch et al., 2001 Read: T&S, Ch 3.9 to 3.12 HW6 - Problem 7.5 and 7.6 from Advanced Geodynamics and Problems from T&S, Ch. 3 3-1, 3-7, 3-14, 3-19, 3-22	HW4 - Temperature across a fracture zone, Xinyu Luo, Chih-Chieh Chien
06 NOV	More Swell Push Moment vs. Curvature	Burov and Watts Burgmann and Dresen_2008	HW4 -Wine cellar problem, Taryn Linzmeyer, Canyon Breyer
09 NOV	8.1 - 8.3 Flexure Theory	Read: T&S, Ch. 3.13 to 3.18	HW4 - Heat flow from plume, Zel Hurewitz, Gabrielle Hobson
13 NOV	7.6 Rheology of the Lithosphere	HW7 Flexure Papers for HW7 HW7 sign up	HW4 - Frictional heating during an earthquake, Ke Xu, Shangqin Hao
16 NOV	9.1 - 9.3 Flexure Examples	Read: T&S Ch. 8.1 to 8.9	HW4 - Seasonal temperatures near surface of glacier, Wenpei Ma, Aaron Hagadorn
	Earthquakes
18 NOV	10.1 - 10.3 Strike-slip fault: deformation and moment
20 NOV	Earthquake Cycle
23 NOV	12.1 - 12.2 Global Gravity		HW7 - Trench Flexure, Xinyu Luo, Zel Hurewitz
	Gravity
25 NOV	13.1 - 13.5 Reference Earth Model	Read: Watts, JGR, 1978	HW7 - Outer Rise Yield, Strength Aaron Hagadorn
30 NOV	15.1 - 15.3 Laplace's Equation and Satellite Altimetry		HW7 - Fracture Zone Flexure, Shangqin Hao, Wenpei Ma
02 DEC	16.1 - 16.6 Poisson's Equation and Bouguer Anomalies		HW7 - Sediment Covered Ridge Amy Whetter, Gabrielle Hobson
04 DEC	17.1 - 17.7 Gravity/topography transfer function and Isostatic geoid anomalies	Read: T&S, Ch. 6.1 to 6.10	HW7 - Seamount Flexure Taryn Linzmeyer, Victoria Auerbach
	Fluid Mechanics
07 DEC	T&S 6.1-6.10 Channel Flow and Stream Function		HW7 -Lake/Ocean Loading Flexure, Chih-Chieh Chien, Ke Xu
09 DEC	18.1 - 18.3 Postglacial Rebound		HW7 - Ice Shelf Flexure, Canyon Breyer, Ellis Vavra
11 DEC	19.1 - 19.6 Driving Forces		HW7 - Flexure on Venus, Nicole Clizzie, Madeleine Kerr

SIO 234 SUGGESTED BOOKS:

Textbooks:

Geodynamics: Second Edition, Turcotte, D. L. and Schubert, G., Cambridge University Press, 2002.
or
Geodynamics: Third Edition, Turcotte, D. L. and Schubert, G., Cambridge University Press, 2014.

Advanced Geodynamics: Fourier Transform Methods, Sandwell, D. T., Cambridge 2021.

Reference Books:

Mantle Dynamics: Mantle Convection in the Earth and Planets, Schubert, G., Turcotte, D. L. and P. Olson, Cambridge University Press, 2001

Fourier Transforms: The Fourier Transform and its Application, Bracewell, R. N., McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1978. (Chapters 2, 6)

Marine Geophysics: The Ocean Basins: Their Structure and Evolution, The Open University , Pergamon Press, 1989. (Chapters 2, 3)

General Ref.: Physics of the Earth, Stacey, F. D., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1969.

Computer Homework:

Computer homework can be done using MATLAB or Python.

This course content is offered under a CC Attribution Non-Commercial license. Content in this course can be considered under this license unless otherwise noted.